
The four-story building leans due to the collapse of the first floor
(23.95N, 120.60E, 08:36:06, September 30, 1999)
Deformation of the sidewalk in front of a building (23.95N, 120.60E,
08:39:36, September 30, 1999)


Two beams on one end fell about 15 feet away from their support, possibly
pushed by the other beams due to a domino effect (23.97N, 120.65E, 09:40:23,
September 30, 1999)
The steel bridge deck was shored due to the damage of some of its reinforced
concrete columns (23.95N, 120.66E, 10:05:11, September 30, 1999).

Detail of the damage to the reinforced concrete column of the steel
bridge (23.95N, 120.66E, 10:09:53, September 30, 1999).
In the immediate vicinity of the steel bridge, an unreinforced brick
column was still standing (23.95N, 120.66E, 10:10:34, September 30, 1999)

The first floor of the warehouse collapsed on top of a trailer and delivery
truck (23.93N, 120.67E, 10:24:51, September 30, 1999).
The truck and trailer were lifted up by the collapsed building (23.93N,
120.67E, 10:24:57, September 30, 1999).


Longitudinal cracks in the asphalt road caused by the lateral displacement
of retaining wall (23.92N, 120.69E, 10:44:45, September 30, 1999).
The 120 m span steel arch bridge was closed to traffic due to the settlement
of its abutment and movement of its deck (23.91N, 120.69E, 10:56:21, September
30, 1999).

The shear key of the bridge was sheared due to the lateral displacement
of the deck (23.91N, 120.69E, 10:56:25, September 30, 1999).
Sand boils caused by soil liquefaction were clearly detectable in the
vicinity of the bridge (23.91N, 120.69E, 10:58:28, September 30, 1999).

Other sand boils in the vicinity of the bridge (23.91N, 120.69E, 10:58:32,
September 30, 1999).
The concrete lining moved laterally and was crushed against the bridge
pier (23.91N, 120.69E, 11:03:14, September 30, 1999).

The ground spread laterally along the river bank and distorted the levee
(23.91N, 120.69E, 11:04:06, September 30, 1999).
The passage above the drainage channel buckled due to ground deformation
induced by liquefaction (23.91N, 120.69E, 11:07:36, September 30, 1999).

There were clear signs of liquefaction around the pier of the bridge
(23.91N, 120.69E, 11:07:43, September 30, 1999).
A close view of a sand boil close to the bridge pier (23.91N, 120.69E,
11:08:37, September 30, 1999).

Another view of sand boils close to the bridge pier (23.91N, 120.69E,
11:11:26, September 30, 1999).
Settlement of the bridge abutment and levee leading to a one-foot separation
gap (23.91N, 120.69E, 11:16:30, September 30, 1999).

Close view of the gap opened by the abutment settlement (23.91N, 120.69E,
11:16:32, September 30, 1999).
Buckling of the concrete lining due to liquefaction-induced lateral
spread (23.91N, 120.69E, 11:18:30, September 30, 1999).

The bridge abutment settled about one foot (23.91N, 120.69E, 11:31:32,
September 30, 1999).
Damage to levees due to liquefaction induced ground deformation (23.91N,
120.69E, 11:33:24, September 30, 1999).

Settlement of the other abutment of the bridge (23.91N, 120.69E, 11:35:44,
September 30, 1999).
The other bridge abutment underwent more damage due to the presence
of a box culvert passing under it (23.91N, 120.69E, 11:42:10, September
30, 1999).

Another view of the damage to the bridge abutment caused by uneven settlement
(23.91N, 120.69E, 11:43:21, September 30, 1999).
The bridge abutment settled about 16 inch (23.91N, 120.69E, 11:46:25,
September 30, 1999).

Longitudinal cracks in bridge abutment associated with settlement (23.91N,
120.69E,, 11:46:39, September 30, 1999).
Longitudinal cracks parallel to the levee caused by liquefaction-induced
lateral spreading (23.91N, 120.69E, 11:53:58, September 30, 1999).

The building underwent differential settlement and was slightly leaning
toward the river (23.91N, 120.69E, 11:56:37, September 30, 1999).
Tensile ground crack parallel to the river bed indicating that the
building was on a lateral spread area (23.91N, 120.69E, 12:00:06, September
30, 1999).

The tilt of the building was measured to be 4 degree (23.91N, 120.69E,
12:01:23, September 30, 1999).
The building separated from the concrete backyard about 10 inch (23.91N,
120.69E, 12:08:20, September 30, 1999).

The building shifted laterally due to liquefaction-induced lateral spread
and separated from the concrete backyard (23.91N, 120.69E, 12:09:43, September
30, 1999).
Ground disruption caused by soil liquefaction (23.91N, 120.69E, 12:17:37,
September 30, 1999).

In Nantou, a new building underwent structural damage (23.90N, 120.69E,
12:30:24, September 30, 1999).
Some cardboard boxes were exposed in the reinforced concrete due to
cracking. These did not contribute to the building strength (23.90N, 120.69E,
12:30:24, 12:37:55, September 30, 1999).

The metal span bridge slightly sagged on the pier (23.95N, 120.66E,
16:14:49, September 30, 1999).
The soil under the bridge pier settled about one inch (23.95N, 120.66E,
16:26:09, September 30, 1999).

Collapse of the two lower floors of a building in Taichung (24.11N, 120.67E, 17:05:05, September 30, 1999).
| Photos: | By the Authors |
| HTML page design: | Rodolfo B. Sancio, University of California, Berkeley |
| Questions or comments: | rsancio@uclink.berkeley.edu |
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